以下為近幾年涉及到“倒裝”的高考題。
1.___ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
（NMET2000 春招）
2. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.
A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing
(2000 上海)
3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life____ so happy.
A. did I feel B.I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt
(NMET2000 春招)
4. -David has made great progress recently.
-____, and ____.
A. So he has... so you have B. So he has... so have you
C. So has he... so have you D. So has he... so you have
(1997 上海)
5. Not until all the fish died in the river, ____ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn't the villagers realize
(NMET1995)
（Key: 1----5 CCDBA）
英語句子的正常語序(Normal Order)是主語放在謂語動(dòng)詞前。如果句子的謂語動(dòng)詞位于主語之前，這種語序被稱作倒裝語序(Inverted Order)。倒裝語序有全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。一般說來，英語中有兩種情況需要使用倒裝句：一種是由于語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要而進(jìn)行的倒裝，另一種是由于修辭需要而進(jìn)行的倒裝。
1)語法倒裝
①疑問句中的倒裝。例：
Is it necessary to keep the brushes in water?
How can we find out who are using these computers?
②在there be (或there十其他表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞) 結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝．例：
There are a lot of people in the room．
There stands a weather station at the top of the hill．
③在以here，there，now，then等引起的句子中，動(dòng)詞是be，come，go等
時(shí)，常用倒裝形式以引起注意。例：
There goes the bell！
Now comes your turn．
如果主語是人稱代詞，則不用倒裝。例：
Here we are．
④在so，nor，neither開頭的句子中，須用倒裝語序。例：
All animals need air and so do plants．
If you won’t go，neither shall I.
2)修辭倒裝
①具有否定意義的副詞或詞組用于句首，擔(dān)任狀語時(shí)，要用倒裝。常見的 詞有：never，seldom，1ittle，hardly，not until等。另外，含有否定意義的關(guān)聯(lián)詞neither… (nor)，no sooner…(than)，hardly…when，not only…(but also)等位于句首時(shí)也須用倒裝。例：
Never have I dreamed of it．
Not Until midnight did it stop raining．
Hardly had he arrived when he started complaining．
Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quite, beautiful place．
②as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，要用倒裝語序。例：
Old as he was, he studied English hard.
Brave as they were , the danger made them afraid．
注：though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，也可用倒裝語序。
③為了生動(dòng)地描寫動(dòng)作，在in，out，away，up，down，off等副詞開頭的 句子中常用倒裝語序。例：
Up went the rocket into the air.
Following a roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.
在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí)，用正常語序。例：
Away they went. / Down it flew.
④當(dāng)“only +狀語”用于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，要用倒裝語序，如果不在句首，則用正常語序。例：
Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.
Only when we had a talk with him did we come to know that he was a Japanese .
○ 當(dāng)“ so (such) ... that" 結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such 放在句首加強(qiáng)語氣時(shí)，要用倒裝。
例：
So excited was he ( = He was so excited ) that he couldn't speak.
Such was the force of the explosion(爆炸) that all the windows were
broken .
（小周）